BRIEF HISTORY OF COSTA RICA

The mangroves are a part of our ecosystem.  They exist at the fringe of the mainland, thriving on the blending of the marine salt waters and the fresh water sources of the land.  Mangroves are a variety of trees whose roots grow above the ground to provide aeration.  The trees provides habitat for several species of marine life that are in development.  They also serve as filter for fresh water dumping into the ocean from lakes and river. 

A ride through the mangroves is relaxing and is great for all ages. Nature lovers will be fascinated with this spectacular view.

Coral reefs are animals, plants and geological formations. These reefs are mostly seen on the coast where water is clear and healthy.  The coral reefs is made up of approximately 35 species of coral.  These include elkhorn coral and smooth brain coral.

The underwater is home to sea urchins, lobsters, turtles, moray ells, sharks and and abundance of bright colored fish of various size and shapes.

The most beautiful coral reefs is found in Cahuita.  It extends 500 meters out from Cahuita's point.  The fan shaped reef covers 593 hectares.

The species identified on the Cahuita reef include 128 of algae, 44 of crustaceans, 140 of mollusks, 3 of halophytic phanerophytes, and 123 of fish.

Costa Rica's fauna is abundant.  "The National Institute of Biodiversity has identify at least one million species," between plants, animals, and insects. In the rainforest you will find a number of different amphibians, such as the poison dart frog.  Many amphibians possess poison which is translated into a toxin that they secrete from their skin.  If they are touched, the toxin can produce skin irritation.  Other inhabitants of the forest are reptiles such as crocodiles, turtles, iguanas and snakes including the Boa Constrictor.

There is a variety of insects such as butterflies (many species); Rhinoceros Beetle, and ants.  Among the several species of ants we find the leaf-cutter ant, the army ant and the aztec ant.  It is amazing to see how they operate.  The army ands for instance, march in large number over the land and destroys mostly everything in their way and sight.

IT'S ORIGIN

Christopher Columbus landed in Port Limon in 1502 on is fourth trip.  Port Limon was declared Province 6th of August 1902.  It is one of the seven provinces and is the principal port of Costa Rica. Limon has become a tourist city and a stop-over when going to Cahuita National Park, Tortuguero, Puerto Viejo and Manzanillo.  80% of the banana plantations are located in Limon province.  This has made the region an important economical venue and the first largest banana producer in this country.   Costa Rica has a territorial extension of 51.100 km2 including island, the population is 4.000.000. The capital is San Jose.  The distance from San Jose to Port Limon is 100 miles.  There are three ways to reach to Port Limon:

• Via Braulio Carrillo highway
• From cruise ships
• By airplane from San Jose
• Also through the Turrialba route along the old highway

STRUCTURE

The harbour is surrounded by a sea-wall which is frequented by both locals and tourists.  The city is currently under urban renovation and restoration since the earthquake in 1991. One such restoration is a pedestrian walkway from Parque Vargas to the market.  The park is filled with tropical shrubs, tall palms, and an old kiosk that houses the statue of Cristobal Colon.  This is a peaceful oasis, a place where one can relax and enjoy the colorful birds, the Caribbean Sea, and in some occasions, a sloth high up in the treetops.

Limon’s population is about 125,000 people.  Spanish is the Official language.  Forty percent of the inhabitants speak English. The extension of the city is approximately 1,765.km2

Limon downtown central market is an experience in itself.  You can enjoy a cool tropical fruit drink when thirst kicks in, or, as you walk through, shop at the many kiosks from clothing to souvenirs. 
Other noteworthy structures are:  the Banco Nacional de Costa Rica, the Patrimonial Buildings, Port Limon City hall, and the Patrimonial Missionary House.     

                  
CULTURE

Limon’s culture is diverse and it is largely made up of Jamaican descendants.  Also included into the population are: the Bribri and Cabécar Indians, Asian, Italians and others. The cultural manifestation is varied and is highlighted every year on the 31st of August.  Quadrille dance is part of the colonial heritage and is the typical dance.

In addition to food, there is a variety of cultural activities and traditions that is much different from that of the other regions in the country. The music varies from calypso to reggae.

Limon old quarter near the pier is a result of the banana-production industry. The public and commercial buildings display a Victorian influence. In essence, the local architecture is a result of the society's lifestyle and its forms and spaces is a result of the climatic, cultural, technological and economic conditions. English was taught with a rich Caribbean content long before public schools were established.

ATTRACTIONS

To experience the Caribbean spirit of Limon, plan to visit in early September.  During this month we celebrate Caribbean light parade.  Every 25th of September they celebrate the arrival of Christopher Columbus.  This is a grand parade festivity. 

In October we celebrate the colorful annual carnival parade.  You will experience circus street parades, dancing and all night partying.  This festivity last for four days.  During this time you can take the opportunity to get a taste of the culinary delights.  Among these are the “rundown,”  “rice and beans,” and the famous “sugar head punch,” a refreshment prepared with lemon juice, molasses, ginger and other secret ingredients.
Visit a Banana Plantation and Packing House.  Here they explain how they crop, harvest, process, package and export the fruit.  This is a truly educational experience.